Stata 日期格式转换

发布时间：2021-10-14 阅读 12503

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New！ lianxh 命令发布了：
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. help lianxh
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☝ PDF下载 - 推文合集

作者：左祥太 (武汉纺织大学)
邮箱：Shutter_Z@outlook.com

1. 应用场景

当你在进行数据合并时，发现了如下错误：

. merge 1:1 id date using data1.dta
key variable date is float in master but str4 in using data
    Each key variable -- the variables on which observations are matched --
    must be of the same generic type in the master and using datasets.  Same
    generic type means both numeric or both string.
r(106);

又或者在设置面板数据格式时，发现了如下错误：

xtset id date
string variables not allowed in varlist;
date is a string variable
r(109);

相信很多对 Stata 较为陌生的同学都会烦恼于日期格式的处理。为此，本篇推文将为大家简要介绍 Stata 中日期格式转换问题。

2. 格式转换

首先需要确定时间格式，即日度资料、周度资料、月度资料、季度资料、半年度资料还是年度资料；其次就是对号入座使用如下命令：

日度资料

. clear
. input str9 date
          date
  1. "1jan2021"
  2. "2jan2021"
  3. "3jan2021"
  4. "4jan2021"
  5. "5jan2021"
  6. end
. gen date1 = date(date, "DMY") //D代表日, M代表月, Y代表年
. format date1 %td
. gen date2 = date(date, "DMY")
. format date2 %tdCY-N-D 
. des

Contains data
 Observations:             5                  
    Variables:             3                  
------------------------------------------------------------
Variable      Storage   Display    Value
    name         type    format    label      Variable label
------------------------------------------------------------
date            str9    %9s                   
date1           float   %td                   
date2           float   %tdCY-N-D             
------------------------------------------------------------
Sorted by: 
     Note: Dataset has changed since last saved.

周度资料

. input str9 week
          week
  1.  2021w1
  2.  2021w2
  3.  2021w3
  4.  2021w4
  5.  2021w5
  6.  end
. gen week1 = weekly(week, "YW")
. format week1 %tw
. des

Contains data
 Observations:             5                  
    Variables:             2                  
------------------------------------------------------------
Variable      Storage   Display    Value
    name         type    format    label      Variable label
------------------------------------------------------------
week            str9    %9s                   
week1           float   %tw                   
------------------------------------------------------------
Sorted by: 
     Note: Dataset has changed since last saved.

月度资料

. input str6 month
         month
  1. "2021m1"
  2. "2021m2"
  3. "2021m3"
  4. "2021m4"
  5. "2021m5"
  6. end
. gen month1 = monthly(month, "YM")
. format month1 %tm
. gen month2 = monthly(month, "YM")
. format month2 %tmCY-N
. des 

Contains data
 Observations:             5                  
    Variables:             3                  
-------------------------------------------------------------
Variable      Storage   Display    Value
    name         type    format    label      Variable label
-------------------------------------------------------------
month           str6    %9s                   
month1          float   %tm                   
month2          float   %tmCY-N               
-------------------------------------------------------------
Sorted by: 
     Note: Dataset has changed since last saved.

季度资料

. clear
. input str6 quarter
       quarter
  1. "2021q1"
  2. "2021q2"
  3. "2021q3"
  4. "2021q4"
  5. end
. gen quarter1 = quarterly(quarter, "YQ")
. format quarter1 %tq
. des

Contains data
 Observations:             4                  
    Variables:             2                  
-------------------------------------------------------------
Variable      Storage   Display    Value
    name         type    format    label      Variable label
-------------------------------------------------------------
quarter         str6    %9s                   
quarter1        float   %tq                   
-------------------------------------------------------------
Sorted by: 
     Note: Dataset has changed since last saved.

半年度资料

. clear
. input str6 halfyear
      halfyear
  1. "2021h1"
  2. "2021h2"
  3. "2022h1"
  4. "2022h2"
  5. "2023h1"
  6. end
. gen halfyear1 = halfyearly(halfyear, "YH")
. format halfyear1 %th
. des

Contains data
 Observations:             5                  
    Variables:             2                  
-------------------------------------------------------------
Variable      Storage   Display    Value
    name         type    format    label      Variable label
-------------------------------------------------------------
halfyear        str6    %9s                   
halfyear1       float   %th                   
-------------------------------------------------------------
Sorted by: 
     Note: Dataset has changed since last saved.

年度资料

. clear
. input str10 accper
         accper
  1. "2020-12-31"
  2. "2021-12-31"
  3. "2022-12-31"
  4. "2023-12-31"
  5. "2024-12-31"
  6. end
. gen date = date(accper, "YMD")
. format date %tdCY-N-D
. gen year1 = year(date)
. gen year2 = real(substr(accper,1,4))
. gen year3 = yearly(substr(accper,1,4), "Y")
. format year3 %ty
. des

Contains data
 Observations:             5                  
    Variables:             5                  
-------------------------------------------------------------
Variable      Storage   Display    Value
    name         type    format    label      Variable label
-------------------------------------------------------------
accper          str10   %10s                  
date            float   %tdCY-N-D             
year1           float   %9.0g                 
year2           float   %9.0g                 
year3           float   %ty                   
-------------------------------------------------------------
Sorted by: 
     Note: Dataset has changed since last saved.

3. 相关推文

Note：产生如下推文列表的 Stata 命令为：
lianxh 日期时间, m
安装最新版 lianxh 命令：
ssc install lianxh, replace

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Stata 日期格式转换

1. 应用场景

2. 格式转换

3. 相关推文

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